Robust Distance-Based Watermarking for Digital Video

In this paper, a mechanism of a distance-based algorithm is highlighted and tested to invisibly watermark a digital video (cover object) using an iconic image (watermark object). The algorithm is based on the distances among the addresses of values of the cover object. These distances are used to make the embedding. The order of manipulating these distances are specified by the values of the watermark data which is dealt with serially. The algorithm achieves a self encryption key. Each watermark object has its unique pattern of distances at different possible lengths of distance bits. This enhances the complexity of sequential embedding. The blind and non-blind algorithm are tested using direct (spatial) and first level Two Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D DWT) embeddings. The algorithm shows resisting and withstanding against the most important attacks. Some of these include lossy compression, frame averaging, frame swapping, and frame dropping. CR Categories: I.4.9 [Computing Methodologies]: Image Processing and Computer Vision—Applications; E.4 [Coding and Information theory]